Viwandani Slum total population of five and a half thousand citizens within thirteen villages
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Gps Coordinates / -1.312511,36.8741448
Kenya Slums Viwandani Nairobi Bizarre VR Address
MVPF+XMR Nairobi, Kenya
Viwandani is an informal settlement (known locally as a "slum") in the city of Nairobi, Kenya. It is an electoral ward within the Makadara Constituency of Nairobi County. It borders on the Nairobi Industrial Area. The name "Viwandani" means "at the industrial zone" in Kiswahili. There are thirteen "villages" within the settlement: Jamaica, Kingstone, Lunga Lunga Centre, Lunga Lunga Donholm, Milimani, Paradise A, B, and C, Riverside, Sinai, Sinali Reli, Tetrapak, and Uchumi.
Gps Coordinates / -1.3126478,36.8742612
Viwandani is one of two informal settlements included in the Nairobi Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance System (NUHDSS) operated by the African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC) since 2002. The NUHDSS collects data on demographic events (births, deaths, and migrations), health outcomes (morbidity, cause of death through verbal autopsy, child vaccination, and nutrition) and socio-economic outcomes (marriage, education, livelihood, and housing characteristics). It is the source for numerous research publications indexed on the APHRC website. (The other informal settlement included in NUHDSS is Korogocho.)
Link Location Gps / Gps Link -1.3123746 / Gps Link -1.3123505 / Gps Link -1.3119586
Gps Coordinates / -1.3123746,36.8741169 / -1.3123505,36.873757 / -1.3119586,36.8736736
Viwandani is an administrative ward in the Dodoma Urban district of the Dodoma Region of Tanzania. According to the 2002 and 2012 census. The ward has a total population of 5,307.
Link Location Gps / Gps Link -1.3122816 / Gps Link -1.3122808 / Gps Link -1.3121173
Gps Coordinates / -1.3122816,36.8735726 / -1.3122808,36.8736527 / -1.3121173,36.8736714
The study setting
The NUHDSS covers the slum areas of Korogocho and Viwandani in Nairobi. The two slum areas are located about 7 km from each other. Korogocho is roughly 1–1.5 km2 in size and located about 11 km northeast of Nairobi City Centre while Viwandani is about 4–5 km2 in size and located about 7 km southeast of Nairobi City Centre.
Link Location Gps / Gps Link -1.3121144 / Gps Link -1.3123637 / Gps Link -1.3124671
Gps Coordinates / -1.3121144,36.8737739 / -1.3123637,36.8737572 / -1.3122719,36.8735263
The NUHDSS platform has positioned itself to maximize its value to Nairobi's urban poor, the Government of Kenya and its development partners. It helps in tracking progress of national, regional and/or global development agendas.
Link Location Gps / Gps Link -1.312272 / Gps Link -1.3118776 / Gps Link -1.3122637
Gps Coordinates / -1.312272,36.8734625 / -1.3118776,36.8737962 / -1.3122637,36.8732968
The platform was established at the beginning of the MDG era and since then, has provided useful evidence on the particular situation of the urban poor in Nairobi's slum areas.
Link Location Gps / Gps Link -1.3122628 / Gps Link -1.3122612 / Gps Link -1.3122639
Gps Coordinates / -1.3122628,36.873389 / -1.3122612,36.8734096 / -1.3122639,36.8734391
These two slums were selected to capitalize on the similarities and differences between them. Results from the NCSS 2000 showed that Korogocho had the worst health and socio-economic outcomes of any slum in Nairobi. On the other hand, Viwandani's selection was predicated on the fact that it was the most different from Korogocho, having a youthful, migrant and employed population [14,22,23]. Fig. 2 shows an updated map of the two slums that are currently under surveillance.
Link Location Gps / Gps Link -1.3123475 / Gps Link -1.3123526 / Gps Link -1.3116767
Gps Coordinates / -1.3123475,36.8736536 / -1.3123526,36.8737 / -1.3116767,36.8736967
Both slums have experienced marked changes in demographic profiles, from younger predominantly male populations to one exhibiting an age-sex distribution that is typical of an established community as shown in Fig. 3. There remains some differences between the two slums. For example, Viwandani has had a greater demographic shift where the dependency ratio increased from 0.35 in 2003 to 0.42 in 2018 while decreasing in Korogocho during the same period (from 0.61 to 0.58).
Link Location Gps / Gps Link -1.3116509 / Gps Link -1.311793 / Gps Link -1.3114817
Gps Coordinates / -1.3116509,36.8735365 / -1.311793,36.8736827 / -1.3114817,36.8735498
Generally, for both Viwandani and Korogocho, the proportion of households that moved from below to above the poverty line, and those that stayed above the poverty line decreased from the initial to the last 4-year period. Further, we observe the greatest shift to poverty in the 2012–2015 period when both slums experienced the highest proportion of households moving from above to below the poverty line.
Link Location Gps / Gps Link -1.3114069 / Gps Link -1.3113235 / Gps Link -1.311222
Gps Coordinates / -1.3114069,36.873556 / -1.3113235,36.8735646 / -1.311222,36.8735681
At the inception of the platform, there were some observed differences between the two slums. It is possible that these differences may have impacted on the subsequent observed demographic transitions. The reasons as to why Korogocho and Viwandani slums had such initial differences are unknown. Understanding these differences often requires qualitative methods of data collection which are not typically employed in standard HDSS practice, due to cost.
Link Location Gps / Gps Link -1.3111063 / Gps Link -1.3108876 / Gps Link -1.3106865
Gps Coordinates / -1.3111063,36.8735297 / -1.3108876,36.8735387 / -1.3106865,36.8735207
This has been partly addressed by the implementation of specialized studies which are able to include qualitative approaches at a reasonable cost. However, such studies seek to answer very focused research questions, are limited in their demographic scope, and are unable to explain broader intra-slum differences in demographic transitions. In order to understand these differences, a more focused qualitative study would have to be undertaken.
Link Location Gps / Gps Link -1.3105521 / Gps Link -1.3137502 / Gps Link -1.3101954
Gps Coordinates / -1.3105521,36.8734801 / -1.3102438,36.8738382 / -1.3101954,36.8739139
Contraception book by Peter Mokaya of Contraception among teenagers in Viwandani
Link Location Gps / Gps Link -1.3099399 / Gps Link -1.3098055 / Gps Link -10.465235
Gps Coordinates / -1.3099399,36.8738607 / -1.3098055,36.8738503 / -1.3096193,36.8738213
Degree and frequency of contraception among teenagers in Viwandani Nairobi, Kenya was carried out and data collected between 28th November, 2009 and 1st December, 2009. This research was carried out with the main objective of investigating the Level of knowledge, attitude and management on contraceptives among teenagers in Viwandani, Nairobi, Kenya 104 teens aged 12-20 from Viwandani slum, Nairobi East District of Nairobi Province, were surveyed with a questionnaire they completed.
Link Location Gps / Gps Link -1.3094641 / Gps Link -1.3092997 / Gps Link -10.465235
Gps Coordinates / -1.3094641,36.8737988 / -1.3092997,36.8737793 / -1.3091767,36.8737601
This slum recorded that 80% of teenage respondents had come across at least one abortion case over the last one year prior the day of interview and 52% of the respondent supported abortion. It is recommended that Family planning awareness programs that core focus on males’ teenagers and females be put in place.
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Aerial View of Viwandani Slums
